VCF to 23andMe

Convert genetic VCF file to 23andMe format.

or drop the file here

Learn more

What is VCF and why convert it?

VCF is a standard format for storing genetic data, commonly used in bioinformatics and medical research. However, it is not always compatible with popular DNA analysis services. For example, Genotek allows downloading raw genetic data in the VCF format.

Good to know

  • The format is detected automatically: this page takes VCF as well as AncestryDNA, MyHeritage and FamilyTreeDNA raw data.
  • Both .vcf and .vcf.gz files work.
  • The ID column must contain rsIDs (an annotated VCF).
  • Genome build GRCh37 (hg19) works best — it's the one 23andMe uses.
  • The result has about 600 thousand SNPs of the 23andMe chip. Positions missing from the VCF are written as the reference genotype.

Where can you use the result?

The 23andMe format is accepted by GEDmatch, Genomelink, Genetic Genie, Living DNA, tellmeGen and other services — see the catalog on the home page. FamilyTreeDNA accepts original files only.

Frequently asked questions

Is it safe?

Yes. The file is processed right in your browser, on your device: it is never sent to our server or shared with anyone. Nothing is kept after you close the tab.

Which VCF files work?

Whole genome or exome sequencing files, e.g. from Genotek, Dante Labs or Nebula, as .vcf or .vcf.gz (bgzip included). The ID column must contain rsIDs. Genome build GRCh37 (hg19) works best.

Why does the result have about 600 thousand SNPs when the VCF has millions of variants?

The 23andMe format is the set of positions on the 23andMe chip. Analysis services work with exactly those, so only these SNPs go into the result.

What does “reference genotype” mean for positions missing from the VCF?

A whole genome VCF usually lists only differences from the reference genome, so a missing position means it matches the reference. For exomes and partial VCFs this is an assumption: positions outside the coverage are written as reference too.

Will GEDmatch accept the converted file?

GEDmatch and Genomelink accept files in the 23andMe format. FamilyTreeDNA accepts only original files from testing companies, so a converted VCF won't work there.

How long does the conversion take?

Usually a few seconds. A large whole genome VCF may take up to a couple of minutes, depending on your device.

Other tools

Where to upload the result — services catalog